Edit, Nov 15, 2014: I found a way to work around the issue of not having Evernote running while executing this macro. Check out the updated macro.
Edit, May 8, 2014: As this was originally written in 2012, and as there have been many updates to Evernote and Keyboard Maestro, I updated the macro to work with the latest versions. The updated macro also addresses the focus issue mentioned in the comments by Pawel.
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Ben Brooks wrote an article on how he uses Keyboard Maestro and a hot key trigger to save and append quotes in a text file for later reference. You can read his article here.
Ben's solution was great but I needed to modify it a bit for me as, instead of a single text file, I wanted to save the quotes in a single Evernote note.
I've never used Keyboard Maestro before but with Ben's macro, some Googling and trial and error I managed to hack together a solutions. Here's how I modified Ben's macro: